Convert numbers to Roman numerals and Roman numerals back to numbers, from 1 to 3999. Nothing leaves your browser.
Roman numerals use the letters I (1), V (5), X (10), L (50), C (100), D (500) and M (1000). A smaller letter before a larger one is subtracted (IV = 4, IX = 9, XL = 40, XC = 90, CD = 400, CM = 900); otherwise values are added. Standard form never repeats a letter more than three times in a row. Common years: 2025 = MMXXV, 2026 = MMXXVI.
Take the largest Roman value that fits (M 1000, CM 900, D 500, CD 400, C 100, XC 90, L 50, XL 40, X 10, IX 9, V 5, IV 4, I 1), write it, subtract it, and repeat until nothing is left. For example 1994 is M + CM + XC + IV = MCMXCIV.
In standard form the largest is MMMCMXCIX, which is 3999. Larger numbers traditionally used a bar over the letters, which this tool does not support.
No. The Roman system had no symbol for zero, so this converter starts at 1.
No. Everything is calculated in your browser and nothing is sent anywhere.
Free tool, provided as is, with no guarantee. Roman numeral conventions vary; this tool uses the standard subtractive form. Please do not enter personal information in feedback.